• Historical social-network approaches and bibliometric mapping of scientific communities, integrating prosopography, cocitation analyses, and biographical databases to trace collaborative structures [1], [5], [12], [11].

• Institutionalization and patronage networks shaping science: learning societies, patronage politics, and organizational schemes as drivers of scientific practice [2], [4], [17], [16], [15].

• Cross-national transfer and cultural framing of science: from France to Britain, field-theory evolution, and cross-cultural perspectives enrich disciplinary identities [6], [7], [9].

• Meta-literature and bibliographic infrastructure in science: encyclopedias, dictionaries, and bibliographies shaping how science is taught, guided, and preserved [8], [19], [20].

• Philosophical and biographical framing of science in historiography: radical thought, philosophy of science, and biographical narratives informing disciplinary self-understanding [10], [13], [14].